The dog’s owner is almost always the primary party held responsible. In many states, specific “dog bite statutes” make the owner automatically liable if their dog injures someone, regardless of the animal’s past behavior. Even in states without such laws, the owner can be held liable if they were negligent, such as by letting a dangerous dog run loose. In some cases, a property landlord or a dog keeper (like a walker or sitter) could also share responsibility if their actions contributed to the incident.

Clearly state your location, the type of incident (e.g., car crash, slip and fall, assault), and if anyone is injured and needs medical help. Then, stick to the objective facts: what you saw, heard, and did. Do not speculate, admit fault, or give opinions. Mention all parties and witnesses present. Your goal is to ensure the officer includes all key elements in their report, not to argue your case or assign blame at the scene.

First, ensure everyone’s safety and call 911 if there are injuries. Contact the police to file an official report. Exchange names, insurance, and contact information with the other driver, but do not discuss fault. Take extensive photos of the scene, vehicle damage, and any visible injuries. Get contact details from any witnesses. Seek medical attention promptly, even for minor pains, as some injuries appear later. Finally, notify your own insurance company about the accident but avoid giving a detailed recorded statement to the other driver’s insurer without advice.